中考英语作文复习指导

中考英语作文复习指导

　　在我们平凡的日常里，大家最不陌生的就是作文了吧，作文是人们以书面形式表情达意的言语活动。还是对作文一筹莫展吗？下面是小编整理的中考英语作文复习指导，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。

　　单选的命题特点有：重点突出，覆盖面广;答案唯一，选对不易;重视语境，强调情景;迷惑性大，综合性强等特点。所以在做单选时还应知道以下注意事项。

　　一：题干中暗示信息

　　现在的考试中不再像以前那样，直接告诉题意，而是把题置于一个特定的环境。题干上常暗含题意，这种暗示信息，就是答题的关键。例如：

　　(07年陕西中考题——单选部分第一道题)

　　——Would you like some ________ ?

　　——No, thank you. I’m not hungry at all.

　　A. tea B. water C. bread D. coffee

　　本题是考查名词的用法，从题干上可知A、B、C、D四个选项都可以，这时我们看到答句中有I’m not hungry ，意思是“我不饿”，故选C。

　　二：注意积累知识，牢记固定搭配

　　(08年陕西中考题——单选部分第六道题)

　　His parents often encourage him _________ hard.

　　A. work B. working C. to work D. works

　　本题是考查动词的用法，从题干可知考encourage的用法，后面跟动词不定式，故选C。所以一定要多去积累相关的动词，联想记忆。

　　三：注意审题，排除干扰选项

　　(08年陕西中考题——单选部分第四道题)

　　After discussing, the students _________ some good ideas to work on the project.

　　A. put up B. set up

　　C. caught up with D. came up with

　　本题是考查动词词组的用法，从题干可知: put up意为建造; set up意为建立; catch up with意为赶上…;填到句子中都不通顺，而come up with意为想出，提供。因此由题意判断，故选D。

　　四：注意观察日常生活，积累素材

　　(05年陕西中考题——单选部分第八道题)

　　“The World Without Thieves”is a very moving film. I _______ it twice already.

　　A. will see B. see C. saw D. have seen

　　本题是考查完成时的用法，其实从题干twice already可知:考查完成时，故选D。但同时我们也应该注意到题目本身所透漏的信息，我们要多积累其他知识，如：天文、地理、历史、生活等，真正将英语学以致用。

　　五：注意英语日常习惯表达

　　(07年陕西中考题——单选部分第九道题)

　　——_______________ ?

　　——He is tall.

　　A. How is he B. What does he like

　　C. What is he D. What does he look like

　　本题是考查英语中日常用语的用法，从题干He is tall.可知：考的是这个人的外貌，所以要用look like，故选D。同时要注意like不同词性的用法，联想记忆其他相类似单词、词组。

　　六：注意一些特殊的语法现象

　　(04年陕西中考题——单选部分第四道题)

　　There ________ a football match on TV this evening.

　　A. will have B. is going to be

　　C. has D. is going to have

　　初看试题，很多同学都会毫不犹豫地选D，实际上选项D是错误的。选错的原因是have a football match(举行足球比赛)是个固定短语，this evening(今天晚上)又是表示将来的时间状语，从这两个方面来分析选项D是正确的。若从句型方面分析，本题应属于there be句型，其一般将来时的构成应是there will be或there is (are) going to be。因此，正确答案是B。

　　1. It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型

　　She had said what it was necessary to say.

　　2.强调句型

　　It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us.

　　3. All+抽象名词或抽象名词+itself(very+形容词)

　　He was all gentleness to her.

　　4.利用词汇重复表示强调

　　A crime is a crime a crime.

　　5. something(much)of和nothing(little)of something of相当于to some extent，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为anything of ，可译为有点，略微等。译为毫无，全无。much of译为大有，not much of可译为算不上，称不上，little of可译为几乎无。something like译为有点像，略似。

　　They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar.

　　6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，of以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰of后面的那个名词。如her old sharper of a father，可译为：她那骗子般的父亲。

　　Those pigs of girls eat so much.

　　7. asascan(may)be

　　It is as plain as plain can be.

　　8. It is in(with)as in(with)

　　It is in life as in a journey.

　　9. as good as相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。

　　The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.

　　10.many as wellas和might as well as many as wellas可译为与其，不如，更好，以这样做为宜，如同，也可以等等。might as well as表示不可能的事，可译为犹如，可与一样荒唐，与其那样不如这样的好等等。

　　One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.

　　11.to makeof的译法(使成为，把当作)

　　I will make a scientist of my son.

　　12. oo+不定式，not(never)too+不定式，toonot+不定式

　　She is too angry to speak.

　　13. only(not, all, but, never) too to do so和too ready (apt) + to do结构中，不定式也没有否定意义，凡是not，allbut等字后+tooto，不定式都失去了否定意义，在too ready(apt) +to do结构中，不定式也没有否定意义。

　　You know but too yell to hold your tongue.

　　14. no more than句型

　　A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.

　　15. not so muchas和not so much as结构，not so muchas=not so much as，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为：与其说是毋须说是。而not so much as=without(not)even，可译为甚至还没有。

　　The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it .

　　16. Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as结构，Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as都具有最高级比较的意思，Nothing I可换用no，nobody，nowhere，little，few，hardly，scarcely等等，可译为没有比更为，像再没有了，最等。

　　Nothing is more precious than time.

　　17. cannottoo结构,cannottoo意为It is impossible to overdo或者，即无论怎样也不算过分。not可换用hardly，scarcely等，too可换用enough，sufficient等

　　You cannot be too careful.

　　18.否定+but结构，在否定词后面的but，具有which not，who not，that not，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成没有不是或都等

　　Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.

　　19.否定+until (till)结构，在否定词no，not，never，little，few，seldom等的后边所接用的until/till，多数情况下译为直到才，要才，把否定译为肯定。

　　Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.

　　20. not sobut和not such a but结构，这两个结构和否定+but的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的but是含有thatnot意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为还没有到不能做的程度，并不是不，无论怎样也不是不能等。

　　He is not so sick but he can come to school.

　　21.疑问词+shouldbut结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事，意为nonebut，可译为除了还有谁会，岂料，想不到竟是等。

　　Who should write it but himself?

　　22. who knows but (that)和who could shouldbut结构，这个结构是反问形式，一般意译为多半，亦未可知等等，有时也可直译。

　　Who knows but (that) he may go?

　　23.祈使句+and和祈使句+or结构，祈使句+and表示Ifyou，祈使名+or表示ifnot，you。

　　Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.

　　24.名词+and结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。

　　A word, and he would lose his temper.

　　25. as,so结构，这里的so的意思是in the same way(也是如此)。此结构表明两个概念在程度上和关系上相似。

　　As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.

　　26. if any结构，if any和if ever，意思是果真有，即使有，表示加强语气。与此类似的还有：if anything(如有不同的话，如果稍有区别)，if a day(=at least，至少)。

　　There is little, if any, hope.

　　27. be it ever(never)so和let it be ever(never)so结构，这里，be it中的be是古英语假设语气的遗留形式，现代英语则使用let it be。ever so和never so都表示同一意思，都表示very。

　　Be it ever so humble (let it be ever so humble), home is home.

　　28. the last+不定式和the last +定语从词结构，这种结构中的last意思是the least likely，用于否定性推论。可译为最不大可能的，最不合适的，由原意的最后一个变成最不可能的一个。

　　He is the last man to accept a bride.

　　29. sothat句型，这个句型的意思是如此，以致于，但在翻译成汉语时，许多情况下，并不是一定要译成如此以致于，而是变通表达其含义。

　　He ran so fast that nobody could catch him up.

　　30. more + than+原级形容词(副词)结构，这是将不同性质加以比较，其中的more有rather的意思。

　　It is more than probable that he will fall.

　　31. more than +动词结构，这种结构表示动词的程度，可译为异常，岂止，十二分地等。

　　This more than satisfied me.

　　32. good and的副词用法，译为非常，很等。类似还有nice and , fine and , lovely and , bright and , rare and , big and等，均表示程度。

　　The apples are good and ripe.

　　33. and that结构，这个and that应译为而且，表示对它前面陈述部分的语气加强，that代表前面的整个陈述部分。

　　Return to your work , and that at once.

　　34. at onceand结构，这个结构译为既又，起相关连接的作用，相当于bothand。

　　The novel is at once pleasing and instructive.

　　35. in that结构，这个结构的意思是在那一点上(方面)，可译为因为。类似的结构还有in this。

　　The budget is unrealistic in that it disregards increased costs.

　　36. the name notwithstanding结构，这个结构中notwithstanding是介词，这个介词可以置前，可以置后，比如也可写成：notwithstanding the name。起让步状语的作用。

　　Some people think of the storage battery as a sort of condenser where electricity is stored.But this is an entirely wrong conception, the name notwithstanding.

　　37. Everynot和Allnot结构，Everynot表示不见得每个都是Allnot表示不见得所有都是的意思。

　　Every man is not polite, and all are not born gentlemen.

　　38. may as well notas结构，此结构可译为与其不如不。

　　One may as well not know a thing at all as know it but imperfectly.

　　39. have only to do结构，此结构表示只须(消)就能的意思。

　　We have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery made by Edison to see the significance of it.

　　40. not (no) unless句型

　　No increase in output can be expected unless a new assembly line is installed.

　　41. betterthan句型

　　Better my life should be ended by their hate, than that hated life should be prolonged to live without your love.

　　42. as it were是一个非常常用的插入语，意思是好象，可以说等。

　　Apiece of iron near a magnet, though apparently separate from it , feels, as it were, the threads of this attachment.

　　43.复杂结构，在下面例句中，由于anyone的定语从句过长，把谓语must realize提到定语从句之前。

　　Though faith and confidence are surely more or lass foreign to my nature, I do not infrequently find myself looking to them to be able, diligent, candid, and even honest. Plainly enough, that is too large an order, as anyone must realize who reflects upon the manner in which they reach public office.

　　44. notany more than为：不能，正如不能。

　　One cannot learn to sketch and express himself graphically only by reading about it any more than one can learn to swim while standing by the pool.

　　45. By that as it may是Let it be that as it may的省略形式，是由be引起的另外一种假设结构，意思是虽然如此，尽管这样。

　　It is said that the nerve poison is the more primitive of the two, that the blood poison is, so to speak, a new product from an improved formula. Be that as it may, the nerve poison does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison.

　　46. if at all是一个由if引起的主谓结构不完整的短句结为即将，即使等。

　　I can see only with great difficulty, if at all.

　　47.由there引起的句型容易产生复杂的句子结构.

　　There have been opened up to the vast and excellent science, in which my work is the beginning, ways and means by which other minds more accurate than wine will explore its remote corners.

　　48. range from to结构。这是一个常见结构，译时很多情况下应变通处理，不能完全依靠辞典上的释义。

　　Computer applications range from an assembly line completely run by computers to a children toy responding to remote signals.

　　49. the way结构

　　I always thought she was a common-sense person who discussed things the way they ought to be discussed.

　　50.复杂宾补结构

　　In recent years, the development of sensitive and accurate measuring equipment has made it possible to measure the acuity of hearing of any individual at different frequencies.

　　51.某些分隔结构

　　1)动词短语相关部分被分隔(当make use of，take notice of，pay attention to，

　　等动词短语变成被动语态时)。

　　Use is made of solar energy in heating houses.

　　2)双重定语引起的分隔。

　　But there is of culture another view, in which not solely the scientific passion, the sheer desire to see things as they are, natural and proper in an intelligent being, appears as the ground of it.

　　52. to be doingwhen是一个句型，多译为某人正在做时，突然。在简单的句子中容易看出，一旦句子变得复杂一些，可能就不太容易识别这种句型。

　　She said she and a friend had gone out to dinner that night, and were walking home together at about 10 oclock, when a very big, very tall man, accosted them and demanded their purses.

　　53. tooto句型

　　Then I remembered how often I, too, had been indifferent to the grandeur of each day, too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.

　　54. so much that句型

　　But he developed gradually a very musical English. He learnt to write sentences that fall away on the ear with a misty languor and it delighted him so much that he could never have enough of it.

　　55. when引导状语从句有时并不好译，不能一看到when从句就考虑译为当的时候，它还有许多种译法。

　　Anything is better than not to write clearly. There is nothing to be said against lucidity, and against simplicity only the possibility of dryness. This is a risk that is well worth taking when you reflect how much better it is to be bold than to wear a curly wig.

　　56. notbecause，有时可否定前面，有时可否定because本身，往往出现歧义。应根据上下文面判定。

　　In 1600 the earth was not the center of the universe because the majority then supposed it was; nor, because she had more readers, was Ella wheeler Wilcox a better poet than Father Hopkins.

　　57. sothat, suchthat是一个普通的句型，但在同一个句子里有两处使用它却比较少见。

　　The truth is, that in one point of view, this matter of national literature has come to such a pass with us, that in some sense we must turn bullies, else the day is lost, or superiority so far beyond us, that we can hardly say it will ever be ours.

　　58. by doing结构。这个结构的意思是通过(做)，但翻译实践中不能拘泥于这种释义，不少情况下需要灵活变通。

　　The hippos, by depositing dung in the water, fed the fish that support the storks that destroy the rare trees.

　　59.下面例句为一倒装句，主语很长，而且又含有非常复杂的句型。这是以形容词作表语的倒装，翻译实践中多把倒装部分译到最前面。

　　No less obvious is the fact there are great numbers of people so constituted or so brought up that they cannot get so much pleasure out of processes and experiences resulting in a poorer life less full of meaning.

　　60. whatof句型

　　I can not say of myself what Johnson said of Pope: He never passed a fault unamended by indifference, nor quitted it by despair. I do not write as I do; I write as I can.

　　61.英语的一个习惯用法是：当否定谓语think(believe)时，实际上是否定其后面的宾语从句。否定就落在宾语从句上。这样宾语从句就变成了双重否定，译时可以按双重否定译，也可按肯定来译。

　　It is a valuable work. I do not think anyone writes so well that he cannot learn much from it.

　　62. to have not(as) to see中的不定式也有否定意味。

　　He had not the good breeding to see that simplicity and naturalness are the truest marks of distinction.

　　63. It occurred to sb. that意为突然想到，It dawned on sb.that.突然想起等。从句是想起的内容。

　　I remember once being on a bus and looking at a stranger. He suddenly looked back at me-i.e.our eyes met. My instinctive reaction was to avert my gaze. It occurred to me that if I had continued to maintain eye contact, I would have been rude and aggressive.

　　64. It follows that=It happens as a result常常被译为由此可见，因此，从前，可以推断等等。

　　It follows that the housewife will also expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist.

　　65. thats all there is to it，意思是也不过如此而已。可根据上下文视情况处理。

　　If Im touched, Im touched-thats all there is to it.

　　66. The chances are that是一句型，译为有可能。

　　The chances are you will never attempt that speed with poetry or want to race though some passages in fiction over which you wish to linger.

　　67. Feel, see, leave引起宾语的宾语补足语，或在被动语态中引起主语补足语的某些惯用句型，有时see和feel这两个词的被动式不大好译。遇到这种情况应挖掘其深层含义，不要拘泥于表面形式。

　　The education of the young is seen to be of primary importance.

　　68.某此以no, nowhere, never, notbout, notany, nothing but, hardly, scarcely, seldom等否定词语引出的一些结构。

　　I never go past the theatre but I think of his last performance.

　　69.某些用choice between, to know better, whether or, should have avoided(或done better)等表示从两种做法中选取一种更好的做法

　　Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of libing.

　　70.某些省略情况，应清单确认省略的内容。

　　The country had grown rich, its commerce was large, and wealth did its natural work in making life softer and more worldly, commerce in deprovincializing the minds of those engaged in it.

　　71.修饰成分(包括定语、定语从句、同位语从句等)多而长。

　　Across the court from the Manhattan apartment that I have occupied for the past few years is a dog that often hurls insults into the darkness, a few of which my dog refuses to accept and makes a tart reply.

　　72.一些外位语，所谓外位修饰，指从句子结构和内容上不起主要信息表达功能的部分。其作用是从语气和连接上下文等方面进行补充。在翻译成汉语时，往往可独立成句，外形上不保留修饰的痕迹。

　　Of course, nobody was hurt this time, because we had all been to dinner, none of us being novices excepting Hastings; and he having been informed by the minister at the time that he invited him that in deference to the English custom the had not provided any dinner.

　　现阶段考生应该做什么

　　一、收集做过的试题，把所有错题抄在一个改题本上，用红色笔写上正确答案，并在错题旁边写一、两句说明错题原因，让自己加深印象，不再犯类似的错误。如还是没有明白，要及时问老师。

　　二、要加强阅读训练和听力训练。你现在有时间，但是千万别浪费，每天坚持阅读，练听力(有统一听力训练带)。

　　三、要每天利用至少半个小时的时间，大声的朗读和背诵所学过的课文、对话、单词，通过朗读和背诵达到听、说训练。答题的时候有语感。以初中英语教材第三册为重点。

　　四、可以做一些综合练习来判断哪方面还有漏洞。

　　备考策略

　　一、听力

　　今年中考听力题对考生要求高了，难度也加深了，同学们要充分运用手里发的听力资料，反复听，听的过程中做做速记。捕捉的信息准确，才能答题正确。

　　二、单项选择

　　属于考查各项基础知识的传统题型，此题内容涉及语法、词汇、惯用法、句型、口语功能等方面。此题灵活，覆盖面广，但多数题目源于课本或化于课本。答题时要注意：

　　1.题目有语境，吃透语境，把握题干的全部信息，并从词法、语法、惯用法、词的搭配等多方面考虑。

　　2.对话构成题干，更生活化，更灵活，要根据实际情况来断定答案。

　　3.注意综合性的知识，切记语不离句，句不离文，语法不离语境。用排除法选出答案。

　　三、句子翻译

　　它要求考生有较精准的语言素养，考查考生对词义的理解、词汇的拼写、词性的选择和运用，以及固定搭配、句子的'类型结构、句子的时态等方面的能力。

　　课文中出现的动词、固定搭配词组，要特别注意，因为这些内容掌握的好坏，是考生能否正确遣词造句的关键，每学到一个动词、固定搭配词组，都要联系简单句的5个基本句型考虑组成句子。

　　四、完型填空

　　1.要通读全文，掌握大意，这是非常必要的。

　　2.上下要连续，前后要贯通，连词的使用为各行各句之间提供了紧密的因果、转折、并列或者条件的内在逻辑关系，通过发现和识别连词，可以从宏观 的角度把握文章的大意，构建全文的内在逻辑结构，领会作者的思路，完形填空通过保留一定数理的词语，使答题的人获得必要的信息和知识。

　　3.要仔细推敲，复校全文。

　　4.要有比较扎实的语言基本功底，有比较严密的逻辑思维。接近中考了，要进行强化训练，每天至少要做两至三篇的强化训练，要自己计时。

　　五、补全对话

　　补全对话是考查学生交际应用英语的能力。平时练习中要注意以下几点：

　　1.避开族语。答题时，语言要得体，表达要地道。

　　2.应将一些常见情景下经常运用的句型、词组背熟，比如，问路、看病、邀请等常规用语。

　　3.语言实践与思维训练相结合。

　　语言是思维的体现，只有语言能以最快的速度表现思维的时候，人们才能流利地、有效地进行表达。答题时，依据语言环境补全对话。

　　六、阅读理解

　　阅读理解是中考试题中分值最高的题，在原来的选择填空的基础上，增加了根据短文内容回答问题这一新题型，进一步考查了考生的理解水平。考生知识积累的多寡，直接影响得分。

　　1.要有阅读积累，每天阅读23个小短文，每个小短文大概用四五分钟。

　　2.阅读的范围要广泛。

　　3.阅读要提速。

　　4.重视整体理解能力。遇生词不要查字典，通过上下文来理解。

　　七、句意填词

　　1.通读全句，联系上下文，确定选词。

　　2.要掌握初中英语教材1-3册的四会的单词拼写。

　　八、改写句子

　　1.弄清题意，明确题目考查点，了解题目所给句子与答句之间的关系。

　　2.注意从各方面考虑问题，突破难点，注意复查。

　　3.掌握教材中的基本句型和同一句子英语的不同结构表达技巧。

　　九、作文

　　1.认真审题：弄清楚该题目究竟要表达什么，吃透要求，选好人称、有提示词，不要漏掉提示词语。

　　2.语言地道：尽量使用你初中读本中学过的句子、常用的短语、习惯用法。表达要正确。

　　3.不要跑题：理解脉络，抓住重点。

　　4.仔细检查：注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致，单词是否有单复数的错误，拼写的错误，字数是否达到要求等。