英语语法分析：过去将来时的用法

英语语法分析：过去将来时的用法

　　一般过去将来时，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。下面小编为您收集整理了英语语法分析：过去将来时的用法，希望对您有帮助

　　过去将来时的一般结构：

　　结构：would do

　　两个特殊句型：there be 句型，be going to 结构

　　结构用法一：Be going to 结构——表示打算，准备，计划做某事

　　结构：主语+be动词+going to +动词原型

　　I am going to make a bookcase.

　　They are going to paint it.

　　The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

　　变疑问句将be动词移到句首

　　Are you going to make a bookcase?

　　Are they going to paint it?

　　Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?

　　变否定句在be动词后面加not

　　I am not going to make a bookcase.

　　They are not going to paint it.

　　The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

　　肯定回答及否定回答

　　Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

　　Yes, they are. / No, they are not.

　　Yes, he is. / No, he is not.

　　特殊疑问句(必背)

　　What are you going to do?

　　What are they going to do?

　　What is the father going to do?

　　结构用法二：There be 句型——表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)

　　There is+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

　　There is a book in this room.

　　There is a pen on the table

　　There are+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

　　There are two pens on the table.

　　There are three schools there.

　　变疑问句将be动词移到句首

　　Is there a book in this room?

　　Are there two pens on the table?

　　变否定句在动词后面加not

　　There is not a book in this room.

　　There are not two pens on the table.

　　肯定回答及否定回答

　　Yes, there is. / No, there is not.

　　Yes, there are. / No, there are not.

　　过去将来时的用法

　　一、"would+动词原形"表示过去将来时

　　"would+动词原形"构成过去将来时，常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。

　　例1：He said he would come to see me.他说他要来看我。

　　例2：He told me he would go to Beijing.他告诉我他将去北京。

　　二、"was /were+going to+动词原形"表示过去将来时

　　"was /were+going to+动词原形"也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。

　　例1：She said she was going to start at once.她说她将立即出发。

　　例2：I was told that he was going to return home.他告诉我他准备要回家。

　　"was /were+going to+动词原形"还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。

　　例：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看来好像要下雨。

　　三、某些动词的过去进行时可表示过去将来时

　　come,go,leave,arrive,start等严格按照时间表发生的表起止的动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。

　　例1：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他说火车第二天早晨出发。

　　例2：She told me she was coming to see me.她告诉我她要来看我。

　　四、特定场合的一般过去时可表示过去将来时

　　条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。

　　例1：I didnt know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know.我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。

　　析：第一个when引导宾语从句，可使用将来时，第二个when引导时间状语从句，只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时

　　过去将来时的结构

　　1.同一般将来时不一样，把系动词be变为过去式，把will，shall变为过去式。

　　例句：I didnt know if he would come.

　　=I didnt know if he was going to come.

　　我不知道他是否会来。

　　She was sixty-six. In three years，she would be sixty-nine.

　　她66岁了。三年后，她是69岁。

　　She told us that she would not go with us，if it rained.

　　她告诉我们，如果下雨的话，她就不和我们一起去了。

　　I didnt know how to do it. What would be their ideas?

　　我不知道该怎么办，他们会有什么想法呢?

　　2.过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，一律用would。

　　过去将来时有时可带时间状语

　　注意

　　1"was/were going to + 动词原形"或"was/were +动词不定式完成式"可表示未能实现的过去将来时间的动作。

　　2was/were about to do

　　"was/were about to do"表示说话的瞬间就会发生的动作。

　　3was/were on the point of doing

　　提示"be about to do" 和 "be on the point of doing"结构一般不与表示将来的时间状语连用，但后面可以接when引导的分句。