英语四级练习题

英语四级练习题

　　四级翻译练习

　　1. Your losses in trade this year are nothing ________________________ (与我的相比).

　　2. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _________________________ (一半的钱)in a day in Leeds as in London.

　　3. By contrast, America mothers were more likely ____________________________ (把孩子的成功归因于)natural talent.

　　4.As is known to all, ______________ (假冒伪劣商品)harm the interests of consumers.

　　5.An increasing number of people are beginning to realize ______________ （教育不能随着毕业而结束）.

　　答案与解析：

　　1. compared with mine/ in comparison with mine

　　本题考查compared with或in comparison with作状语的用法，“与…相比”可以用compared with或in comparison with表示.

　　2. half as much money

　　本题考查对倍数表达法的掌握。当用as…as表达倍数时，常用结构为“A+谓语+倍数+as+计量形容词原形+as+B”, “一半”用half 表示.

　　3. attribute their children's success to

　　本题考查对be likely to…及attribute…用法的掌握。be likely to为固定用法，意为“可能”其后接原形动词。

　　4. fake and inferior commodities

　　"假冒伪劣商品"包含两层含义：一是假货，二是次品，在翻译成英文的时候应该注意两层含义的正确译法。"假冒"不能用false而应选择fake，"次品"可以说inferior表示质量差，也可以用commodity of low quality。

　　5. that education is not complete with graduation

　　"随着......而结束/终结"要用be complete/ end with sth.，采用的是词性转换法。将句中的动词"结束"转换成英语里的形容词complete。当然，如果译成动词end也是可以的，即：that education can not end with graduation。另外，本句需填入的是一个从句，因此不能遗漏that。

　　四级翻译

　　1.You would have been better now if ___________(你过去坚持吃药).

　　2.In______________(鉴于他违背了妈妈的意愿)，his father gave him a little hard work to do.

　　3.The police warned citizens against keeping a large sum of cash at home ____________(以防被盗).

　　4._____________(当谈及代购问题)，all students are eager to say something about their experience.

　　5.It is common konwledge ____________(在经济上中国仅次于美国) at present.

　　答案解析:

　　1.you had kept taking/having this medicine before

　　考查虚拟语气:表示与过去事实相反的假设需用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“should(第一人称)或would(第二，三人称)have+过去分词”。“坚持做某事”的表达是keep doing sth。

　　“吃药”的表达是take/have medicine。

　　2.view of his going against his mother's will

　　“鉴于”的表达是in view of,后面跟名词性成分。“违背”的表达是go against。“意愿”的表达为will。

　　3.lest it (should) be stolen//in case it (should)/will be stolen

　　考查目的状语从句:lest意思是“以防，以免”，其引导的从句通常用sb.(should)do 的形式表示虚拟，句中指“钱财被盗”，用被动语态。In case “以防”也可以引导目的状语从句，但从句的谓语可用虚拟语气，也可用直陈语气。

　　考查代词it:从句中的“以防被盗”指cash,为了避免重复，用it指代。

　　4.When it comes to generation gap//When talking about generation gap

　　考查“当谈及…”这一常考固定结构:when it comes to+sb./sth或者when talking about +sb./sth.。“代沟”的表达:generation gap。

　　5.that China is next to America in terms of economy

　　that引导的主语从句既可放于句首，也可放在句末，但为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语从句放在句后。“仅次于”的表达为be next/second to。“在…上”可表达为in terms of或者直接用介词in。

　　英语

　　四级翻译（9.10）

　　1.By the end of this year ___________(这本书将出版).

　　2.That advantages of bicycle outweigh its disadvantages and it will ________________(在现代社会发挥重要作用).

　　3.After days of heavy rains,the sun ______________(终于从云层后面露出来了).

　　4.He has got into the habit of __________________(在房间乱扔东西).

　　5.______(凡是对油画感兴趣的人)may get a free ticket to the art show.

　　答案解析:

　　1.the book will have been published // the book will have come out

　　考查时态和被动语态:由by the end of this year“今年年底”判断要用将来完成时，而book与publish之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语态will have been published。如果用come out 表达的.话不必用被动式。

　　“出版”的表达常用publish或come out。

　　2.play an important/essential role in modern society

　　“发挥作用”的表达为play a role in。“重要的”表达可以用important或essential；“现代社会”的表达为modern society。

　　3.emerged from behind the clouds at last

　　为了准确表达方位，from后面可接另外一个介词宾语，behind the clouds整体表示一个位置；云层后面。本句叙述的是过去的事情，所以用过去式。“露出来”的表达为emerge或come out。

　　4.答案:leaving things about/everywhere in his room

　　“养成某习惯”的固定搭配为get into the habit of doing sth。“乱扔东西”的表达为leave things about/everywhere。

　　5.Whoever is interested in oil painting

　　考查主语从句:Whoever意思是“无论是谁”，它在引导的主语从句中可作主语或宾语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。“对…感兴趣”的表达是be interested in或have/take an interest in。

　　“油画”的表达是oil painting。

　　英语

　　四级词汇与语法练习(450)

　　1.This university has _______ a great deal since our last visit.

　　A.appeared B.altered C.approached D.admired

　　2.She is narrow minded and always _______ what other people have.

　　A. jealous B.owes C.misses D.envies

　　3.When he woke up from his dream， the frightened boy tried to _______ his mother’s arm.

　　A.grape B.grey C.grip D.grave

　　4.Mary has never been _______ a ship.

　　A.abroad B.aboard C.above D.absorb

　　5.The modern camera lens may be coated with more than ten _______ for each piece of its glass.

　　A. levels B.stories C.layers D.formations

　　答案：

　　1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C

　　四级阅读理解练习

　　Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing（裁判）decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.

　　The researcher organized an experimental tournament（锦标赛）involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.

　　Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.

　　The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum（最佳的）distance is about 20 meters.

　　There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.

　　If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.

　　He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.

　　1. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _______.

　　A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup

　　B) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees

　　C) set a standard for football refereeing

　　D) reexamine the rules for football refereeing

　　2. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _______.

　　A) slightly above average

　　B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup

　　C) quite unexpected

　　D) as high as in a standard match

　　3. The findings of the experiment show that _______.

　　A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball

　　B) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors

　　C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur

　　D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot

　　4. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para.4) most probably refers to _______.

　　A) the researchers involved in the experiment

　　B) the inspectors of the football tournament

　　C) the referees of the football tournament

　　D) the observers at the site of the experiment

　　5. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?

　　A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.

　　B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.

　　C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.

　　D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.

　　答案与解析:

　　1.问实验目的。第一段的目的不定式：研究一些高级裁判员的裁决。正确答案是B，analyse 和study属于关键词替换。

　　2.以number 在第三段定位，文中说是一个高得非常的数字。A中副词有问题。B没有这样比过。D as high as也有问题。正确答案为C。

　　3. show——实验结果，在文中找同类的词。第四段就有found和show ，得出正确答案为A。

　　4. 指代题，往前面找复数名词，有errors和the referees 。只有C有the referees ，正确答案为C。

　　5.A：理想退休年龄为45岁，文中说may be misguided，所以不对。C裁判要尽量年轻有精力，文中最后If keeping up with the action is not so important 说明这并不重要。D这个说的也太过了，我就不信裁判坐着轮椅拿着放大镜也能do well 。正确答案为B。

　　四级阅读理解练习

　　Where do pesticides (杀虫剂) fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world?

　　We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides are very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.

　　Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals are cumulative (积累的) over long periods of time, and that the danger to the individual may depend on the sum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger is easily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of future disaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs,"says a wise physician, Dr. Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach them unnoticed."

　　1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man, ...is part of nature."(Para.1)?

　　[A] Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.

　　[B] Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.

　　[C] Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.

　　[D] Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental protection.

　　2. What is the author's attitude to wards the evnironmental effects of pesticides?

　　[A] Pessimistic.

　　[B] Indifferent.

　　[C] Defensive.

　　[D] Concerned.

　　3. In the author's view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts of pesticides ______.

　　[A] is not the worst of thenegative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides

　　[B] now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths

　　[C] has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention

　　[D] is unavoidable because people can't do without pesticides in farming

　　4. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemicals because ______.

　　[A] limited exposure to them does little harm to people's health

　　[B] the present is more important for them than the future

　　[C] the danger does not become apparent immediately

　　[D] humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning

　　5. It can be concluded from Dr Dubos'remarks that ______.

　　[A] people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with

　　[B] attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal

　　[C] diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure

　　[D] people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides

　　答案：

　　1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D