英语六级语法掌握：倒装句详解

英语六级语法掌握：倒装句详解

　　英语学习是一个艰苦奋斗的过程，只有策略、技巧和方法是不够的，还必须有刻苦学习的恒心和毅力。下面我们就一起来看看小编整理的英语六级语法掌握：倒装句详解，欢迎大家阅读！

　　否定副词之后的倒装

　　否定或近似否定副词(往往是时间或频度副词，如never, rarely, seldom)，或是具有否定作用的副词，如 little, on no account 等。如：

　　Never / Seldom has there been so much protest against the Bomb. 这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动从未 / 很少 / 有过。

　　Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他对这个会议的重要性不甚了了。

　　On no account must you accept any money if he offers it. 他如要给你钱，你可绝不能接受。

　　当这种副词不在句首时，当然应该用正常词序：

　　There has never / seldom been so much protest against the Bomb. 从未 / 很少发生过这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动。

　　He little realizes how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。

　　另外，有些含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后也要用倒装。如：

　　In no case should you give up. 你绝不能放弃。

　　On no condition should we tell her about it. 我们绝不能把此事告诉她。

　　On no accounts must this switch be touched.这个开关是绝 不能触摸的。

　　In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。

　　Under no circumstances should you lend him any money. 你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。

　　No way will I go on working for that man. 我不再给那个人工作了。

　　涉及not only…but also…的部分倒装

　　not only…but also…前后连接两个句子时，not only后的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的分句不用倒装。如：

　　Not only did he come, but he saw her. 他不仅来了，而且还见到了她。

　　Not only does she speak Spanish, (but) she also knows how to type. 她不但会说西班牙语，还会打字呢。

　　Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。

　　Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。

　　Not only did they present a musical performance, but they also gave a brief introduction to the history of Western brass instruments. 他们不但做了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍了西方铜管乐器的历史。

　　涉及“only+状语”的部分倒装

　　当“only+状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装。其中，only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。

　　Only in this way can we learn English. 只有这样才能学会英语。

　　Only then did I understand what she meant. 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。

　　Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。

　　注意，在only后作状语的是从句时，从句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。如：

　　Only when it rains do you feel cool. 只有下雨时才觉得凉爽一点。

　　Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。

　　Only when we landed did we see how badly the plane had been damaged. 我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。

　　拓展：大学英语六级语法知识：定语从句

　　一、概念

　　定语从句的概念，在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

　　例如： 1) The man who lives next to us is a fool.

　　2) You must buy me the house which is near Xiangshan.

　　上面两句中的the man和the house是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

　　二、关系词(连接词)

　　1.关系代词引导的定语从句

　　引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：that, which, who (宾格whom, 所有格whose) 和关系副词where, when, why。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时还做定语从句的一个成分。

　　2.关于that, which的用法注意点

　　1)只能用that，不用which作为定语从句关系代词的情况

　　a)不定代词，如anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词

　　There is nothing that I can do.

　　I mean the one that was bought yesterday.

　　b)先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last修饰

　　This is the very book that I want to find.

　　The last place that I visited was the hospital.

　　c)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时

　　This is the first composition that he has written in English.

　　d)先行词既有人，又有物时

　　He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.

　　2)不用that, 只用which的情况

　　a)引导非限定性定语从句时which

　　The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

　　b)介词后用which

　　We depend on the land from which we get our food.

　　3.关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

　　1)先行词是表示地点名词时(country, school, room…)，而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词+which的结构。值得注意的是which前的介词选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

　　Beijing is the place in which (=where) I was born.

　　He wants to find the place in which (=where) he lived forty years ago.

　　2)先行词是表示时间名词时(year, month, day, night…)，而关系词代替先行词在定语

　　从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词+which的结构。值得注意的是when前的介词选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

　　His father died that year in which (=when) he was born.

　　I cannot forget the first day on which (=when) my family moved into the city.

　　3)先行词是the reason，而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当原因状语，一般用why引导定语从句。也可以用for + which的结构。

　　Is this the reason for which (why) he refused our offer?

　　但是这里要指出的是，如果介词和Which搭配在一起并不表示以上三种意思，则我们只能保留介词+Which的形式。如 I know English in which I wrote the love letter.

　　4.判断关系代词与关系副词

　　方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要

　　求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。