考研英语阅读基本猜词方法介绍

2018年考研英语阅读基本猜词方法介绍

　　(一)通过构词法猜测词义

　　遇到生词时，首先可以“观其形”，通过词的构成来看有没有熟悉的词根或词缀。所以如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识是非常有必要的，常见的前缀有：un-表反义，如fair、unfair，important、unimportant等;后缀-ment表名词，如state、statement，argue、argument等;homogenize, homo-表示相同的，gene是基因，所以表示同质化。

　　(二)根据同义关系猜测词义

　　来看一道2006年的考研英语一真题：

　　People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.

　　题目要求猜测bummer的含义，根据最后一句“综上所述，他们就不需要他们的艺术也成为一个bummer”，也成为bummer意味着前文必然出现过bummer。所以从前文内容in danger，few protections and died young，surrounded by reminders of misery，可以看出英年早逝，充满了痛苦都是暗指生活困难堪忧。所以接近选项[B] unpleasant不愉快。这就是根据同义关系猜词，所猜单词的`词义与前文的主要意思一指。

　　(三)根据句间关系猜测词义

　　通过句间关系来理解上下文的关联，也是猜词的一个重要途径。例如表示因果关系的常见关联词有：because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore。例句：You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。