高考英语阅读理解的策略

高考英语阅读理解的实用策略

　　高考中的阅读理解共包括两大部分：四篇文章理解以及一篇七选五。共有20道题。题目其实数数不算是很多，但是关键是题目的分值都比较重!每个题目两分，所以阅读理解的分值我们是丢不起的!但是，阅读理解恰恰是能够拉开我们分数差距的!所以，对于阅读理解，我们拼死拼活也要保住它的分数!那我们从什么地方开始呢?俗话说：“知己知彼，方能百战不殆!”所以，在开始总结技巧之前，我们必须要搞明白我们在阅读中究竟是如何与高分失之交臂的!然后我们才能从失败的源头，追根溯源，找到打开阅读这扇大门的钥匙!

　　阅读题：

　　1.细节理解题：此类题目大部分娃娃们是不失分的，回到原文都可以找到答案。但是不排除特殊情况，那就是：答案需要跨段落进行综合整理搜集;题目信息与原文信息在表述上稍有些变化;题目设问的方式变的特殊的时候。举个例子讲，我们都适应了别人问我们：“Which of thefollowing is true?”但是如果题目变成：“What does the writerpay the least attention to?”或是“All of the followingstatements may be true except…”娃娃们就开始不知所云了。

　　应对策略：通篇略读;看清题目;返回原文;寻找事实;仔细对照!

　　2.主旨大意题：此类题目是高考阅读理解中永远的主旋律!这类题目要求娃娃们能在比较短的时间的内有效准确的把握文章的主旨。一般我们容易出现找不到主题句，不清楚文章的结构，概括的范围要么过大，误把文章的细节当作了主题等现象。

　　应对策略：抓主题句(主题句通常出现在段首，段末，段中或是隐含段意之中);关注文章出现的高频词汇;读完文章后回顾文章的大致内容，理清脉络和段落之间的逻辑关系。

　　3.推理判断题：此类题目经常出现的设问方式有从比较简单的“What can be inferredfrom the passage?”一直到“The writer suggestthat…”或是“The author uses the exampleof…to show that…”。难度系数相对来讲会比较大一些。娃娃们也容易出现失误。

　　应对策略：抓关键词进行正向或是反向推理;整合全段或全文信息进行推断;领会言外之意。

　　4.词义推测题：这类题目不仅局限于单词，还会有词组句意的猜测等等。除了考我们的词汇量以外，还有很关键的字眼就是“推测”，这也就意味着即便我们不认识这个单词，也是可以从上下文，定义关系，因果关系，同义或是反义关系等方法得出。比如：The advanced EP alsoheats the room evenly, wall to wall and floor to ceiling。如果是问句子evenly的意思，那么我们就可以通过wall to wall and floor to ceiling来判断出来应该是equally的意思。也就是这个EP可以均匀的加热房间，从每一面墙到地板到天花板。

　　七选五：

　　七选五对很多考生来讲，就像是一道很难跨过去的坎，错一两个是普遍现象，更有甚者就直接全军覆灭了。一般在做这种题目的时候我们遵循“三看”原则：看选项;看周围;看单词。

　　看选项：七选五选项不是很多，所以我们在选项中是有可能排除掉那些“异己”的选项，然后可以根据句子的完整性以及标点符号来判断它在句中的位置;

　　看周围：填进去的句子必然是跟上下文有联系的，所以可以根据句意以及逻辑关系去判定这句话是否跟上下文相符合;

　　看单词：这里的单词并不是句子中任何一个单词，而是具有标志性质的单词，比如代词，特殊疑问词或者是连词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话多读几遍，因为这个时候设问的情况比较多，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。

　　哦啊，原来是这样子呀!其实也没有我们想象的那么难，对不对!所以，千万不要被它的外表所迷惑了!其实任何困难的事情我们都可以找到它的规律与突破口的，关键是我们愿不愿意去这样做呢!吼吼，好胆你就来!

　　备考高考故事类阅读理解题的策略

　　【题型说明】故事类阅读理解文章是高考必选材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。人物传记以叙述某个人物的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等为主。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。因此，阅读这类文章应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。

　　短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读这类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，即使是碰到深层理解题也可迎刃而解。

　　【备考策略】这类阅读材料一般较长，即词数多，而且命题也较多，特别是推理判断题和事实细节题多。同学们在做此类阅读理解题时往往有材料看得懂，题目不好做的感觉。因此，同学们在阅读材料时要重点放在事情发展的过程和结果上，注意把握事件的发展进程及人物之间的关系，细节与主题的关系，用以说明人物性格特点的事实、作者的态度等，这些内容往往是推理判断题的命题点。掌握了这些内容，同学们在做推理判断题时就不会以个人思维想象代替根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，也只有这样才不会以偏概全。至于事实事实细节题的解答，同学们切忌想当然或者凭印象，一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。这种题一定要做到十拿十稳。

　　【实例分析】阅读下面的文章，然后做后面的阅读理解题：

　　Peter Fern was mad on mountain. Climbing was the love of his life. Church towers, seaside cliffs, ice mountains, anything “If it’s there” he used to say, “then I want to climb it.” So the news of his marriage gave me a surprise. I’d never known him to take much interest in girls. I wondered whether his wife would try to stop some of his risky adventures.

　　She was French perhaps—from that place where he usually spent his holidays. Chamonix, wasn’t it?

　　From Chamonix he’s climbed Mont Blanc on his seventeenth birthday, and one of the Aifuilles the day after! That was it, then: she was French, from a family, most of whom like climbing. No doubt. No other explanation.

　　A month later I met them both in town. Anna surprised me because she was English. She was a dancer in the theatre. “Never climbed more than sixty steps in my life.” She told me. “Peter has his interests, and I’ve got mine. No problems.” “No problems?” “No, none at all, ” Peter said, smiling. “Where did you spend your honeymoon?” “I flew to New York to see the drake Dancers on Broadway. A wonderful show!” Peter said, “Didn’t want to miss the good weather. So I went to Switzerland and climbed the north face of the Eiger with Allen Dunlop. Great fun, the Eiger. Grand place a honeymoon! I’ll show you the photographs we took one day.”

　　1. “Peter was mad on mountains” means “_______”.

　　A. he didn’t enjoy climbing mountains

　　B. he was angry on mountains

　　C. he lost his senses on mountains

　　D. he enjoyed climbing mountains very much

　　2. “The risky adventures” means “_______”.

　　A. expensive adventures B. dangerous adventures

　　C. terrible adventures D. unkind adventures

　　3. according to the passage, after Peter’s marriage ________.

　　A. he would stop mountain climbing because his wife didn’t like it

　　B. his wife would stop him from mountain climbing

　　C. he himself would give up his love

　　D. Peter would continue to keep his love and so he did

　　4. The writer had thought the only reason why Fern married was that the girl _______.

　　A. might be French living near the mountain, and from a mountaineer family

　　B. would not stop his climbing

　　C. perhaps came from French

　　D. might live near the mountain

　　5. Peter and Anna’s marriage is probably ________.

　　A. a failure because neither of them likes the other’s love

　　B. happy because each of them respects the other’s love

　　C. painful because either of them would do one’s own thing

　　D. a mistake because either of them wouldn’t care the other’s love

　　【答案与解析】本文介绍一位酷爱登山的人与他新婚妻子的故事。

　　1. D。推理判断题。mad是“疯狂，迷恋”之意，因此可推断Peter不是一般意义上的喜欢登山，故答案为D。

　　2. B。事实细节题。risky 是“冒险的，危险的”，故答案选B。

　　3. D。事实细节题。根据 Peter had his interests, and I have got mine. No problems可知他们可以保持各自的兴趣，因此答案为D。

　　4. A。事实细节题。根据 She was French perhaps-from that place where he usually spent his holidays可知答案为A。

　　5. B。推理判断题。Peter和Amma婚后可以继续自己所喜爱的事业和兴趣，因此他们的婚姻应该说是幸福的，所以答案为B。